Portable piston groover and facer



March 26,1940. ,GWBERGGREN 2,194,686

PORTABLE PISTON GROOVER AND FACEH Filed Oct. 1-, 19:58 2 Sheets- Sheet 1' 50575 M/ erj Ken BY Wan! ATTORNEY$ March 26, 1940. a. w. BERGGREN PORTABLE PISTON GROOVER AND PACER Filed Oct. 1, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG.3.

e13 Fen TORNEYS N 5 m E F W Q a A x u H 0 m 4 BF a 6 3 4 G A Ya. H B F Patented Mar. 26, 1940 f I v a 219435 STATEQ FEEE PORTABLE pPISTON GROOVER AND FACEE Gustave W. Berggren, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Charles W. Berggren, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Application October 1, 1938, Serial No. 232,793

' 9 Claims. s2 4 The invention relates to portable apparatus for will be apparent from the following specification regrooving pistons, for re-facing cylinders, and taken in connection with the drawings, in for other similar work. The apparatus can 'be whichv carried to the place where the work is to be per- Figure 1 is a perspective V With a P i i 5 formed, thereby making it possible to perform 0 the pp u Cut y, of the Preferred form the desired work without dismantling an engine e l or other apparatus to carrya part thereof to a 15 a fragmentary elevation thereof, ShOW- shop. ing also a part of a piston, part or the apparatus My portable apparatus, in its preferred form, being shown in a section taken on the line 2-2 is particularly adapted to re-grooving the pistons 0f looking in the direction of the arrows; w of large engines such as Diesel marine engines or Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation. of the ring or large stationary engines. It will be understood age d o l 1 0 Showing the radial j that such pistons are extremely heavy, often ing means and a tool holder and toolsQthe secweighing a ton or more, and are difiicult to hantien be tak o t line Of'Figl die; nevertheless the usual practice is to remove Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the tool post and the pistons from the engines and carry them to a radial adjusting m a e Section b taken machine shop where the necessary-work can be n e e o 3 leekihg in the direction performed. This procedure involves considera- 0f the arrows; ble cost in trucking and in providing the neces- 5 iS efregmehtery P 0f the tool sary apparatus at the machine shop for handling po a d ss c at e helders d e t001, Part 20, t

and supporting the pistons. There is also, in th reof b in sh w n s t n the line -5 such procedure, a substantial danger of injury to of F looking in the direction of the arrows; workmen in handling the pistons and performand i ing the work in the shop; When my apparatus 6 ie a fragmentary p a w Of the tOOl is used it is possibleto carry the apparatus to post, howin the means for e y just ng 25 the vessel or other place where the engine is t e tool holderslocated and to perform the desired work on the I W l now describe t e pre d o of my I pistons thereof without dismantling the engine. nve t on y e e ce to the drawings in which The primary objects of the preferred form of the numeral IE3 indicates a piston which it is my invention are therefore to enable the desired desired to re-grooveythe grooves for the piston 30 work to be done satisfactorily with the minimum ngs being S own a AS above Stated, the of cost and inconvenience and with the maximum piston S mad ava ab o t 'O E; of safety and to do away, in large part, with operation by removing the cylinder head of the heavy machinery which is ordinarily required to engine and s g the p st and Supporting t follow out the usual procedure. I am aware that p as, for example, by I-beams resting on the cylin- 5 suggestions have been made as to the construcder block. Tov support my apparatus on the tion of portable apparatus for re-grooving heavy piston, I provide right-angle brackets having a pistons but, so far as I know, no such apparatus plate I2 which may be curved so as to havethe has been entirely successful. In the use of my same radius curvature as the outer surface of the 40 apparatus, the portable piston groover and facer piston. The plates 12 are provided with wings 40 can be carried to the work; the cylinder head of 53 having apertures therein. Preferably four the engine removed; the piston. withdrawn from such brackets are provided. They are equally the cylinder a suffioient distance to make the spaced around the lower exposed portion of the grooves thereof available for re-grooving by the piston and then tied tightly together, as by the use of my apparatus; my apparatus mounted on bolts it which pass through the apertures in the 5 the pistonitself and adjusted with respect to the wings and are held in position by the nuts l5 grooves therein; and then operated practically so as to hold the brackets rigidly in place. Each automatically from a suitable source of power bracket is provided with an outwardly extending associated therewith; My apparatus, as will be plate It to which the remainder of my apparatus understood by those skilled in the art, with is clamped. 50 proper modification of the cutting: tools or other- The tool carriage, tool holders, etc., are supwise, may also be used for facing cylinders and, ported on a cylindrical web ll, hereinafter reas in the case of re-grooving, this work may be ferred to as the bed. The bed is provided with done at the place wherethe engine is located. annular flanges l8 and iii; the flange i8 is Other objects and advantages of my invention located at the bottom thereof and provides means 55 I for clamping the bed to the brackets, and the flange I9 is located at the top of the web and acts as a bearing for the tool carriage. The bed is rigidly attached to the projecting plates 16 of the brackets by means of clamping members 20 and bolts 2! which pass through apertures in the members 20 and the plates l8 and are held in place by nuts 22.

The carriage upon which the tool holders are mounted is rotatably associated with the bed. In its preferred form, the carriage is made up of a ring gear 23 provided with external teeth 24 to which are aiiixed a guard ring and members provided with beveled grooves in which the tool carriers are adjustably mounted. A suitable source of power, such as the electric motor 25, is provided, preferably mounted on the bed as by the brackets 26. The motor, through pulleys 2! and a belt 28, drives a worm gear train (not shown) enclosed in the housing 29. Connected to the spur-wheel or driven wheel of the worm gear train is a pinion 30 which meshes with the teeth 26 on the ring 23 and thereby rotates the ring at a suitable speed. I have found that a peripheral speed for the ring of about three feet per minute is suitable for re-grooving Diesel engine pistons.

The ring 23 is rotatably associated with the bed by means of clamping members 3!, preferably four in number, each of which, in the preferred form shown, comprises a plate which carries two flanges 32 that extend downward over the inside edgeof the annular flange IQ of the bed. Bolted to the lower edge 'of each flange 32 is a small plate or keeper 33 which extends under the inside lower surface of the flange l9. It will of course be understood that the clamps formed by the flanges 32 of the members 3! and by the keepers 33 are sufficiently loosely associated with the flange l9 to permit the ring 23 to rotate with respect to the bed. I also preferably provide other keepers 34 which are bolted to the under side of the ring 23 and which extend under the outside lower surface of the flange IS. The ring is thus rotatably mounted on the bed in such manner that rotary motion is the only possible motion thereof. Guard members 35, of channel iron, may be provided; these are also bolted to the ring 23 as shown in Fig. 2. The bolts 35 thus extend through and clamp together the keepers 34, the ring 23, the members 3|, and the guard member 35, the bolts being held in position by associated nuts. For ease in assembling my device, I prefer to make the guard member in four parts.

The members 3!, in addition to carrying the flanges 32, also carry upstanding and inwardly turned ribs 31 which, together with the intervening surface 38 of the member 3|, provide beveled grooves in which. the tool carriers are mounted in such manner that they are slidable radially therein. In general, in the preferred form of my apparatus, the tool carriers comprise a T-shaped tool post 39, the horizontal portion of which is dovetailed in the groove provided by the member 3i and the upstanding ribs 3'! thereof. If desired, the width of the horizontal portion of the tool post may be made somewhat smaller than the width of the groove and gibs (not shown) inserted between the tool post and the ribs 31 of the member 3| to adjust the amount of friction between the tool post and the ribs 37.

Mounted on the surface 38 of each member 3 I, inside of the horizontal portion of the tool holder, I provide a threaded nut 40. The outer end of the horizontal portion of the tool post is closed by a plate d! suitably affixed thereto, as by the bolts 42. of a feed screw 43 passes through the aperture. The threaded portion of the feed screw 43 extends within the horizontal portion of the tool post and through the threaded aperture in the nut 40, engaging the threads therein. Thel threaded portion of the feed screw 43 is made larger than its outer end so as to provide a bearing surface on the inner side of the plate 4!. On the outer side of the plate 4|, a collar 44 is provided which is affixed to the feed screw by a set screw and which provides a bearing surface on the outer side of the plate ii. The outer end of the feed screw 43 is provided with a star-wheel t5, the purpose of which will be hereinafter explained. As will be seen from the foregoing, the radial position of the tool post with respect to the ring 23 and associated members may be adjusted by rotation of the feed screw 43.

The vertical portion of the tool post consists of'a plate 46 having vertical ways 41 on which the tool holders 49, which will be hereinafter described, are slidably mounted. The ways 41 are so shaped as to provide channels 43, the function of which will be hereinafter explained. The tool holders 49 are so formed as to dovetail with the ways 4'! so that the tool holders can slide up or down on the tool post but cannot move in I any other direction. Each tool holder is provided with a vertical face 50 preferably making an acute angle with the radial plane of the ring 23 which passes through the tool post. Each tool holder also carries a projection 5! which extends into the corresponding channel 48 in the vertical portion of the tool post and is provided with a threaded aperture 52. To the top of the vertical portion of each tool post plates 53 are affixed, as by bolts or screws 54, each plate being provided with an aperture through which one end of a threaded rod 55 passes. These rods are similar to the feed screws 33 and perform a similar function. Like the feed screws 43, the portion of each rod 55 that is threaded is enlarged to form a surface which bears against the under side of the plate 53. Each rod 55 also carries a collar 56 which similarly provides a bearing surface on the upper side of the plate 53. The tops of the rods 55 are squared, as indicated at 51, in order that cranks 58 may be mounted thereon to turn the rods. The threaded portion of each rod passes through the aperture 52 in the projection 5i on the corresponding tool holder.

In this manner, means are provided for adjusting the vertical or axial position of each tool holder.

The faces 50 of the tool holders are provided with threaded bolt holes 59 adapted to receive bolts 68. Cutting tools GI are clamped in desired position between the faces 56 of the tool holders and plates 62 which are held in position by the bolts 60.

I preferably provide a projecting post or tongue 53, mounted on the bed IT. This tongue is so positioned that it will engage the points on each star-wheel 45 as that wheel passes the tongue on each revolution of the ring 23 and the associated parts of the apparatus. In this manner, means are provided for automatically moving the tool posts, and therefore the tools themselves, progressively in a radial direction. In the form of apparatus shown in the drawings, the progressive motion is inwardly so that the tools 6| at first engage merely the outer edges of the This plate is apertured and one end' grooves H in the piston and are then progressively moved inwardly until the re-grooving operation has been completed.

It will be understood that, in the form of my apparatus as shown in the drawings, only one tool post may be used, if desired, for any particular operation and also that two or three or four may be used; the maximum number that can be used maybe increased by the addition. of more clamping members 3!. Likewise, any desired number of tool holders and of tools may be used, the number of each to be used depending upon the particular character of work to be performed in each caseand also upon convenience of assembly and adjustment. Preferably, however, the tool posts that are in place at any one time should be evenly spaced around the ring 23 to balance the apparatus and equalize thrusts. It is also desirable to consider the matter of balance and of equalization of thrusts in determining the number of tool holders and tools to be used, al though this is not ordinarily essential.

When it is desired to'use my apparatus to regroove pistons, particularly those that are too bulky or' heavy to be easily removed from the engine, my apparatus will be carried to the place where the engine is inv order that the work may be done there. The cylinder head of the engine will first be removed and then the piston raised and supported on the engine block or otherwise, as above described. The four brackets I2 are then spaced around the lower part of the piston and the bolts i t inserted and the brackets tightly tied together by means of the bolts and associated nuts l5. The bed I! and remainder of the apparatus which is carried thereby, with as many tool posts and tool holders in place as desired, is then lowered over the piston so as to rest on the four outwardly extending plates [6 of the brackets. The bed is then clamped 'to these plates by means of the members 26 which engage the lower flange ill on the bed and are held in place by the bolts 2! and associated nuts 22. The tool posts 39 are then moved outwardly a sufiicient distance to permit as many tools 6| as desired to be clamped to the faces an of the tool holders. The axial position of the tools is then adjusted by means of a crank 58 which rotates the threaded rods 55. The radial position of the tools is then adjusted by rotation of the feed screws -lil. The tools having thus been adjusted to their desired positions with respect to the grooves in the piston, the motor is started and the re-grooving operation thereby comrnenced. After the ire-grooving operation has been completed the tools are withdrawn from the grooves by backing out the tool posts by rrneans of the feed screws 43. If all of the grooves in the piston have not been re-grooved in this first single operation, the tool holders are re-ad'justed so that the tools will operate upon such other grooves in the piston as still require re-grooving. It will thus be seen that I have provided a portable piston re-grooving machine which may be brought to the work instead of bringing the work to the shop and which, after preliminary adjustment, completes the re-grooving operation automatically.

As above stated, my invention has other uses, such, for example, as the re-facing of cylinders. To accomplish this, as will be obvious to those skilled in the art, no change in the principle of operation of my apparatus will be required. The only modifications in the preferred form thereof, as shown and described herein, that will be necessary will be to make the apparatus of suitable size to perform the desired work, to provide suitable means for holding my apparatus rigidly with respect to the article upon which the work is to be performedsuch means being used in substitution for the brackets ill; to turn the tool posts around in the grooves which carry them so that the vertical portions thereof are on the outside of the ring and bed; and to substitute cutting tools of thedesired form. If automatic radial motion of the tools is desired, the tongue 53 may be afiixed to the inside of the bed and thus extend inwardly instead of outwardly. I have not shown these modifications herein because of their obviousness.

It'will also be understoodby those skilled in the art that many other modifications or changes may be made in the form and arrangement of parts without departing from! the spirit of my invention.

I accordingly desire protection for all such modifications or changes in my apparatus as may come within the scope of theappended claims.

I claim:

1. In a device of the kind described, a cylindrical member provided with an annular flange; means for positioning said member rigidly with respect to the article upon which work is to be performed; a ring carrying clamping means slidably engaging said flange; a ring gear carried by said ring; a source of power affixed to said member; means associated with said source of power and engaging said ring gear to rotate said ring; and tool-carrying means adjustably mounted on said ring.

2. A device according to claim 1 in which the tool-carrying means comprises a tool-post which is adjustable with respect to the ring, and a tool-holder carried by the tool-post and adjustable with respect thereto.

3. A device according to claim 1 in which the tool-carrying means comprises a tool-post which is radially adjustable with respect to the ring and a tool holder carried by said tool post and adjustable in an axial direction.

4. A device according to claim 1 which is provided with automatic means for progressively moving said tool-carrying means in a radial direction.

5. A portable piston groover comprising in combination a circular bed, means for rigidly mounting the bed with respect to the piston and in spaced relation thereto, a circular member rotatably carried by said bed, means associated with the bed for rotating said member, a tool post mounted on said member, and a tool holder mounted on said tool post, said holder being both axially and radially adjustable with respect to said memben 6. In a device of the kind described, the combination comprising a bed, means for afiixing the bed to the article upon which work is to be performed, a ring carried by the bed, the ring being provided with an annular gear, a radial way rigidly carried by the ring, a tool post having radial and axial arms, the radial arm of which is mounted in said way and radially'movable with respect to said ring, a way carried by the axial the article upon which work is to be performed, means for rigidly mounting the bed with respect to the article, a circular member rotatably carried by said bed, a source of power carried by said bed, an annular gear carried by said circular member, means associating said gear with said source of power whereby said circular member may be rotated, a tool post having radial and axial arms, the radial arms being adjustably mounted on said circular member, and a. tool holder carried by the axial arm of said tool post and adjustable with respect thereto.

8. In a device of the kind described, the combination comprising a cylindrical member, means for mounting said member rigidly with respect to the article upon which work is to be performed, said member being spaced from said article, a ring rotatably mounted on said member, means for rotating said ring, a tool post provided with radial and axial portions, the radial portion being mounted on said ring and radially adjustable with respect thereto and the axial portion thereof extending into the space between the cylindrical member and the said'article, and a tool holder mounted on the axial portion of said tool post and axially movable with respect thereto.

9. In a device of the kind described, the combination comprising a cylindrical web carrying an annular flange; means for rigidly and concentrically mounting said web in spaced relation to an article upon which work is to be performed; a ring carrying an annular gear; means for clamping said ring rotatably to said annular flange; a radial way carried by said ring; a tool post having radial and axial portions, the radial portion engaging said way, the tool post being radially adjustable with respect to said ring, and the axial portion being provided with an axial way; a tool holder engaging said last mentioned way and being axially adjustable with respect to said tool post; a source of power; and means associated with said source of power and engaging said annular gear to rotate said tool post.

GUSTAVE W. BERGGREN. 

